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Advances In Intraoperative Imaging In Trauma Surgery

A rapid evolution in technology can be observed all over the world. Whether it is electric self-driving cars, drone transportation, or outer space travel, it is difficult to keep up with all the novelties we are confronted with on a daily basis. This evolution has also influenced the world of medicine in a big way, which has led to major advances in intraoperative imaging. Without intraoperative imaging, modern orthopedic trauma surgery would not be possible. Most surgical procedures are highly dependent on optimal intraoperative visualization. Maintaining an overview of the new technology and systems has become very challenging because of a constant and rapid evolution in intraoperative imaging.

The primary and main purpose of an imaging device is to assure an excellent image quality. Ideally, image quality should be increased without an accompanying increase in radiation. Further, important demands are a large field of view, the possibility of collimation and magnification, artefact reduction, 3D capability, better tissue differentiation, and other tools such as automatic implant detection or length measurement. Moreover, a combination with a navigation system should be possible. In some cases, technology is driven by the need to improve the difficult intraoperative management. Neurosurgery is one of the surgical fields that have benefited most from technological evolutions.

A correlation between improved outcomes of neurosurgical procedures and technical improvements may be easy to spot in the case of brain trauma, where immediate as well as complete evaluations of patients, together with more reliable instruments, are often what make the difference between a positive outcome and a poor one.

It is easy to imagine the main problem encountered when faced with a patient with brain trauma: the patient is brought to the emergency room, often unconscious or with a limited capacity to recount clearly his clinical history, yet a prompt operational decision is required and is essential in determining the difference between a good and a poor prognosis. This situation demands a diagnostic and therapeutic instrument that is able to provide a complete but rapid evaluation.

Due to immediate control of the osteosynthesis, revision surgery at a later time can be prevented. The rapid evolution of intraoperative imaging has just begun. It is important to continuously develop imaging in trauma surgery to ensure that patient and staff safety can be further optimized.

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